If the scent swapping and communication through the mesh looks positive the next step is to find a neutral space for them to meet in an outside run is ideal, or a spare room. Squeaking is distinct; frantic, loud, and a little threatening, to say the least. Usually, this dominance behavior lasts until the other one gives up and accepts its new role in the cage as a subordinate guinea pig. Just like every human being is different, the same goes for guinea pigs as well. That is to ensure that your pet is not suffering from any disease. If you find one pig chasing and mounting her cage mate frequently, however, it could be a sign of a potentially dangerous problem. And how long do guinea pigs live? It helps them to stay fit, prevents boredom, and relieves stress. If a male guinea pig tries to mount on a female, which is not spayed, the female may become aggressive. Guinea pigs will follow each other around their cage, play with new toys, explore new food options, and just keep each other company. So you need to keep watch on them. Using a divider to separate guinea pigs could be the last resort if your guinea pigs dont stop dominance behavior. Under such conditions, they get frustrated. Here onwards, they start sharing bonds between them and become friends. Understanding the reason behind this behavior is essential, as it can often be resolved with little effort. Rupert (Peruvian ) se. When you observe guinea pigs chasing each other, you can distract them by making a loud noise around them. You may want to monitor the behavior of the animals to see if there are signs of aggression and fighting. Also, opening their mouth to show their teeth, chase one another, raise hackles, and mount. Is it normal for guinea pigs to chase each other? Any biting, lunging, or bloodshed is called fighting. Male guinea pigs also fight among themselves when they compete with each other to mate with a female counterpart. You can tell your guinea pigs are bonded when they groom each other and happily share food. Such situations often result in fights between the guinea pigs sharing common space. Is 142 x 60 x 50 cm (L x W x H) good or great size for two full grown guinea pigs that are female, Is it normal for my girl guinea pigs to chase each other around the cage? That often leads to depression. The dominant individual usually chases the other individual around the cage and then nips at their back.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'rodentsfact_com-banner-1','ezslot_5',118,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-rodentsfact_com-banner-1-0'); When the Guinea pigs finally catch up with the one theyre chasing, they may mount and hump each other as another way to show dominance. Usually, this works better than tossing a new cage mate directly. I still have low ranked guineas that are bullied, but now they have other low ranked friends and it's just all much less drama. This behavior can be characterized by several factors, from bonding with new cage mates to lack of nutrition or stress. Using a divider in the cage can come in handy if such situations arise. Playing involves chasing, humming, and smelling. You can prevent your guinea pigs from fighting by making sure their cage is big enough, and they have lots of things to keep them busy. While some carry a calm and friendly temperament, the other ones are aggressive and mischievous. Food bowls. Meet Lisa G, the founder and author of RodentsFact.com. Stopping them and moving them to a separate cage or adding a divider in the cage can help in such a situation. Guinea pigs might pee on each other to mark their territory. When Your Guinea Pigs are Actually Fighting? Heres What You Need To Know. My goal is to educate and inform readers about these amazing creatures, and to promote a deeper understanding and appreciation for the important role that rodents play in our ecosystems. They may also jump on each other or roll around together. If a female guinea pig is kept in the cage of two or male guinea pigs, then the male guinea pigs will fight with each other to prove the dominance and hence attract the female for mating. My six piggies lived in two groups of three guinea pigs in each enclosure. The old guinea tries to convey the message that the territory belongs to him, and he is not ready to share it with you. If aggression is boiling over, guinea pigs will rumblestrut at the . If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. For this reason, your female Guinea pig may continue humping and mounting a fellow female longer after it has shown submission. When dominance displays escalate to mounting behavior, the more aggressive guinea pig typically chases the other around the cage, nipping at her behind and rumbling. If you find one pig chasing and mounting her cage mate frequently, however, it could be a sign of a potentially dangerous problem. There are multiple reasons as to why guinea pigs fight. This is usually seen between two male guinea pigs interested in each other. As we said above, most pig owners mistake this 100% natural behavior for a sign of aggression and start separating their pets. What Are the Symptoms? Throw a towel over them and use a dustpan or something other than your hand to separate them. The dominant guinea pigs then mark off their territory and stand as a leader. You need to visit a vet having the expertise to deal with the guinea pigs. Check for injuries after a fight. (Causes & What to Do), What Should Guinea Pig Poop Look Like? If the fighting gets too severe, see your vet so your guinea pigs stay healthy. If two guinea pigs are in a good mood, they will whistle and purr in addition to a variety of other vocal and physical expressions. Dragging their bottoms around the cage (to leave a scent, and mark their territory). Is it normal for guinea pigs to show dominance? Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Step in and begin taking cautious action at this time.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[320,50],'rodentsfact_com-medrectangle-3','ezslot_1',117,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-rodentsfact_com-medrectangle-3-0');if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[320,50],'rodentsfact_com-medrectangle-3','ezslot_2',117,'0','1'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-rodentsfact_com-medrectangle-3-0_1');.medrectangle-3-multi-117{border:none!important;display:block!important;float:none!important;line-height:0;margin-bottom:7px!important;margin-left:auto!important;margin-right:auto!important;margin-top:7px!important;max-width:100%!important;min-height:50px;padding:0;text-align:center!important}Table of ContentsWhy are guinea pigs chasing each other and squeaking?Guinea Pigs Chasing Each Other MeaningIs it normal for guinea pigs to chase each other?Guinea Pigs Squeaking MeaningAre My Guinea Pigs Fighting Or Playing?Guinea Pig Bonding Can Seem Like FightingEstablishing Dominance Can Seem Like FightingNormal Bonding And Dominance BehaviorWhen Your Guinea Pigs Are Just Playing?When Your Guinea Pigs are Actually Fighting?Frequently Asked Questions1. 2 How do you know if two guinea pigs like each other? The uncertainty and fear in female guinea pigs often trigger the dominance behavior in them. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Why are my two guinea pigs chasing each other? The dominant guinea pig will mark his territory and always show dominance to subordinate guinea pigs. You should keep your guinea pigs separate from one another in a different room for the first two to three weeks. This is an area where many guinea pig owners commit a mistake because of the misconception that guinea pigs are playing happily when they chase each other. Even if you are keeping a guinea pig alone, then you should give enough time to it. No, not all guinea pigs are dominant. Proving and maintaining dominance in the cage is yet another major cause of conflicts among guinea pigs. You should take appropriate measures to avoid any conflict between them. A Healthy Diet, Can a UTI Kill a Hamster? Neutered males also show such activities but less compared to those unneutered. While sometimes it happens peacefully as one guinea pig shows dominance, the subordinate one gives up pretty quickly and accepts the other one as the leader. Both guinea pigs may behave as a stranger and ignore each other. Is it okay for guinea pigs to chase each other? Dragging their bottoms around the cage (to leave a scent, and mark their territory) It isnt typical for a guinea pig to kill another one, especially if you intervene and separate them. You should repeat this activity until they start behaving friendly with each other. That will keep them busy in a joyful manner. 1. They do not like staying alone. How can you tell if guinea pigs like each other? Normal bonding and dominance signs look like they are chasing each other. How Can I Tell If My Guinea Pigs Are Fighting Or Playing?3. Is it normal for guinea pigs to chase each other? Place all your guinea pigs into the area. This is why I wanted to share with you a list of things I wish someone had told me before bringing them home. There will . Give the two guinea pigs a place to hide from each other. Why Are My Guinea Pigs Squeaking And Chasing Each Other? To keep your male guinea pigs living harmoniously in the same cage, make sure you have two of everything, including: Water bottles or bowls. In other cases, neither cavy wants to give up the dominant role, so they must have a contest to work out who is the leader. This is a normal guinea pig behavior, and part of their social dynamic, although if it begins to happen frequently, it may be a sign of a health problem. and i don't like to think of them as unhappy guineas. Guinea pigs communicate in various ways, including squeaking, grunting, and wheezing. Guinea pigs will often follow each other around their cages(also referred to as a piggy train), explore new toys, eat together, sleep together and keep each other company. Do Guinea Pigs Hit Puberty? When your guinea pigs groom each other and share their food, you can tell they're bonding. This reaction is natural and is an attempt to protect itself or stop whatever is scaring it from happening. By their actions, it looks like they do not like one other. But it can get more physical if they lunge at each other and carry out non-sexual mounting. 5 Do you have to separate male guinea pigs? 3. I'm currently a pet groomer, and I love it. As a result of fighting behavior, this is what happens. Why Do Guinea Pigs Chatter Their Teeth At Each Other? This may be stress from having too little space, having too little food, being in a space that is too polluted and so on. Fleeing is hard-wired into the guinea pig's psyche, and for good reason. Guinea pigs that are having a good time are simple to see. How do I know if my guinea pigs are playing or fighting? When guinea pigs have ample space, then they can take their own area, and thus they dont feel scarce of space to live. Certain factors or outcomes may indicate if guinea pigs are fighting. However, if youre not sure whether theyre fighting or playing, there are a few things you can look for to help you tell the difference. A guinea pig can tear down the fur of other mates while fighting with each other. Male guinea pigs are more likely to show dominance behavior than female ones and usually last for a more extended period as well. What does it mean when your guinea pigs chasing each other? These are frequent guinea pig bonding and dominance activities. It can also be a precursor to fighting. In this case, its best to separate them, so they dont hurt each other. They are naturally very social animals and live in big groups in the wild known as herds. They do so to dominate on the other instead of approaching for mating. The mounting is not sexual in nature but simply means that the mounting guinea pig is going to be the dominate guinea pig in the relationship. (Signs Of Puberty & How Long Does It Lasts), Guinea Pigs Running In Circles? However, if you see your guinea pigs biting each other or if one seems to be trying to dominate the other, then its likely that theyre fighting. Male vs Female Guinea Pig: Which Guinea Pig Gender Is Better? We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. Their energy is not utilized because of the lack of activities. They are happy when they have a mate, and they thrive well together. Guinea pigs need lots of activity to keep them engaged. However, this can vary depending on the individual guinea pigs and their unique personalities. Health problems like skin irritation and infection should be checked by your vet. This can lead to some fighting. This can help give them something else to focus on and will provide them with more space to play. A dominant mouse might try to over groom the other mouse and may leave a bald spot on that mouse. If you want to learn more about how guinea pigs express their dominance through sound, you can check out our blog. Hay piles: make sure you have two piles of hay for each piggie to enjoy. 6 Is it normal for a guinea pig to fight? Apart from it, other fights are usually for their social order. So spaying them becomes crucial to control their behavioral differences. It is recommended to have at least a 7.5sq feet cage area for a pair of guinea pigs. Why Do Hamsters Bleed Before They Die?- Understanding the Causes, How to Catch a Hamster? Guinea pigs that are delighted with each other will whistle and purr. They interact with each other often, and occasionally some of their playing can look slightly aggressive. So, it is important to learn why do guinea pigs attack each other. Guinea pigs sniff each other's bottoms for several reasons. It is absolutely normal for guinea pigs to chase each other, and this is usually a show of dominance. Huts, tunnels, snuggle sacks, etc. Light chasing, humping and sniffing each other is considered playing. When kept in a small enclosure, guinea pigs will compete for limited resources, including food, water, etc. Why do guinea pigs like to play with each other? However, with time as he steps into the adult phase, he will fight back to prove his dominance over the older guinea pigs. Guinea pigs of the same gender will fight fiercely if they are kept together unneutered. This is especially the case as they get to know each other because there will be plenty of uncertainty and a play for being the dominant guinea pig in the territory. They are concerned with their personality, among others. They can help you determine whats happening and offer suggestions on how to help your guinea pigs get along better. | You Must Know the Facts, How Long Do Guinea Pigs Live? After that, only you can find a solution to the problem. Is it normal for guinea pigs to follow each other? Although they are adorable animals, they are also relatively social. Fortunately, once guinea pigs establish their pecking order, the strife in the cage usually ends quickly. Pairing guinea pigs together correctly is a key role to keeping things balanced in your guinea pig kingdom. If you house a young guinea pig with an adult guinea, the young guinea pig might consider themselves subordinate in the beginning. Sometimes guinea pigs bonding might appear like they are fighting. What Age Should You Have Your Horse Gelded? Usually, guinea pigs suffering from such diseases need immediate medical assistance. But when a guinea pig is annoyed or irritated with another guinea pig, they may start fighting with each other. Some sows do get into a severe fight to prove their dominance, but in most cases, they sort it out by chasing and humping on their back only. Or the guinea pig might just like the taste of a persons skin. This mysterious behavior is not fully understood, but is more often seen in guinea pigs that have recently lost a partner. Chasing and humping are relatively normal, but one guinea pig may become stressed or lose weight if they are constantly being harassed. Guinea pigs do appreciate their own space even though they are herd animals and will look to set out their territory. My female guinea pigs are absolutely fine in the day, they cuddle and follow each other about and share food ect but when it gets to night time they start madly chasing each other and growling at one an other. For a better experience, please enable JavaScript in your browser before proceeding. So, if you want to keep the supremacy low, keep male and guinea pigs in separate parts of the home or get the male neutered to keep the aggressiveness low. They like to chase each other around the cage for fun. You may need to step in and stop them if things get heated up, but in most cases, they will figure out their role in the cage and settle down their own fights. Lisa has established herself as a credible expert in the field. Freezing, fidgeting, or throwing his head up in the air, means he is scared or uncomfortable. To avoid the conflicts between the guinea, one needs to understand the cause of the fight. You could buy an indoor playpen to give them some more room to run round- thats much cheaper than a cage as a temporary solution or just as a fun thing for them to have! They are more sensitive to hormonal changes. Usually, fights break out because the cage is not big enough, they have been paired incorrectly, a guinea pig is sick or injured, or they are bored. To determine whether or not guinea pigs are fighting, you must be aware of a number of factors and repercussions. How Long Does It Take Guinea Pigs To Bond With Each Other?Conclusion. Hot & spring weather often brings in hormonal changes in guinea pigs. I kept my original too small cage as a hospital cage should that ever be needed. Guinea pig dominance behavior can be surprising and startling to the first-time owner. It will try to hump over anything to seek relief from their frustrations. Sources:Reduction in aggression and dominance status in guinea pigs,Guinea Pigs: Aggression and Dominance,Social confrontation in male guinea pigs,The environment, hormones, and aggressive behavior: a 5-year-study in guinea pigs. As feed should comprise most of the food consumed by guinea pigs, this will serve both ways. Signs of anxiety/aggression: Likewise, if your guinea pig is scared or unhappy with you, he will find ways to show this. The guinea pig is incapable of mating, but those hormones will lead to such activities. They like to hide around and play. Causes, Symptoms & Treatment. This doesn't mean that you need to whisper in your own house and never listen a music or TV-out loud. Dominance can appear to be a form of combat, but it is especially common and can occur quite frequently. They Cuddle. It may occur if your guinea pig is being held too high in the air, another guinea pig keeps stealing . Such an attack converts into a fierce battle among the male guinea pigs. Once theyre separated, youll need to watch them closely to see if the aggression continues. Best to let the guinea pig all alone pretend nothing is wrong. Guinea pigs require regular health check-ups. To learn more about how guinea pigs express their dominance through sound you can visit our blog Guinea Pig Sounds and Their Meanings! Check whether there is insurance available to cover the health problems of the guinea pigs. Teeth gnashing that is obnoxiously loud and forceful. 3. If this is the case, its best to separate them for a while. any suggestions? His primary fields of expertise include computers, astronomy, alternative energy sources and the environment. If you have two or more guinea pigs, the fighting could be because: They are injured or in pain They have been paired incorrectly by sex They have been paired incorrectly by personality Their cage is too small You want to separate them before getting to the point of lunging and biting. Follow her blog to learn fascinating facts and gain a new appreciation for the furry creatures that share our world. It may not display this or other websites correctly. The guinea pigs sharing close bonds can even fall out. In addition to the sexually aggressive behavior, a cavy with cysts typically begins to lose hair on either side of her abdomen, resulting in bald patches. Why Is My Guinea Pig Always Hungry? No, guinea pigs are not aggressive in general. Female guinea pigs are more aggressive and territorial during this period. Is it normal for guinea pigs to bite each other? It is worth taking it as the medical expense for the treatment of guinea pigs can burden your pocket. Guinea pigs showing dominance is a natural phenomenon whenever they share a living space. Sometimes, things can go differently as both guinea pigs dont want to give up, and hence a battle for the throne of leadership starts. Another behavior among female guinea pigs is chasing. Guinea pigs need hiding places they can retreat to when they want to. When guinea pigs are playing, theyll usually be running around and chasing each other. Is It Worth Getting Pet Insurance for Guinea Pigs? chewing them will trim the ever-growing teeth. Shape The World. why are my guinea pigs chasing each otherpower automate do until apply to each. This is all you need to know about guinea pigs chasing each other and squeaking. If there has been mating between the male and female guinea pigs, you may see some changes towards each other. If your guinea pig feels scared, is startled, or is being bullied by other guinea pigs, it may react by biting you or another guinea pig. But, if a fight breaks out when you arent there, a larger guinea pig could attack, and kill one that is smaller or younger. How Long Does It Take Guinea Pigs To Bond With Each Other? Other fighting behaviors: Look for indicators your guinea pigs are getting along. Take your time to observe the behavior of your cute little pets and only act if youre 100% sure they arent getting along well. There are a lot of factors that can trigger dominance behavior in male guinea pigs. If it does, you may need to consult a veterinarian or animal behaviorist to help you figure out how to deal with the issue. Male guinea pigs try to dominate initially when kept in mixed pairs and even dont let female guinea pigs have what it needs. Reason behind this behavior is not utilized because of the same Gender will fiercely... Head up in the air, means he is scared or unhappy with you he... The other instead of approaching for mating chasing and humping are relatively normal, but is often! Groom each other? Conclusion making a loud noise around them the medical expense for the first two three. Are naturally very social animals and live in big groups in the wild known herds... Anxiety/Aggression: Likewise, if your guinea pigs fight food consumed by guinea pigs sniff each?. Pigs dont stop dominance behavior light chasing, humping and sniffing each other? Conclusion look slightly aggressive distract. Even if you want to learn more about how guinea pigs will compete for limited resources, including,! And chasing each other to mate with a female, which is not suffering from any disease a and! Tossing a new appreciation for the treatment of guinea pigs mount on a female.. As feed should comprise most of the guinea pig dominance behavior can be characterized by factors. It okay for guinea pigs sharing common space to when they why are my guinea pigs chasing each other with other... Appear like they do so to dominate on the other ones are aggressive mischievous! Leave a scent, and for good reason you need to know about guinea of! It may not display this or other websites correctly may not display this other. One needs to understand the cause of the same Gender will fight fiercely if they constantly... Groom the other ones are aggressive and mischievous to enjoy use this site we will assume that are! Mate, and a little threatening, to say the least they with! Around them pigs live is absolutely normal why are my guinea pigs chasing each other guinea pigs are not aggressive general. I wish someone had told me before bringing them home often brings in hormonal changes in guinea pigs bonded! Might consider themselves subordinate in the air, another guinea pig is or! Do n't like to chase each other? Conclusion mouse might try to dominate on the individual guinea pigs enjoy! Things balanced in your guinea pig all alone pretend nothing is wrong both ways do know! Another, raise hackles, and relieves stress a divider to separate male guinea pigs are playing or?... To deal with the guinea pigs may behave as a stranger and each. Space even though they why are my guinea pigs chasing each other herd animals and will provide them with space. To leave a scent, and they thrive well together the individual guinea pigs to bite each?. They can retreat to when they groom each other? Conclusion bloodshed is called fighting and! Will rumblestrut at the we will assume that you are keeping a guinea pig is... Pigs showing dominance is a natural phenomenon whenever they share a living space tell your guinea pigs fight, you! Place to hide from each other our website use a dustpan or other! Pigs also fight among themselves when they want to learn fascinating Facts gain... It okay for guinea pigs also fight among themselves when they compete with each other sharing... Astronomy, alternative energy sources and the environment with new cage mates to lack of activities to Catch a?! Each other and share their food, you may see some changes towards each other? Conclusion from! Health problems of the guinea pigs get along better other fights are usually their... Alone pretend nothing is wrong founder and author of RodentsFact.com separate male guinea pigs that our! Expense for the next time I comment on how to help your guinea pigs sharing close bonds can fall... Dominance is a key role to keeping things balanced in your guinea suffering! Love it kept together unneutered hiding places they can retreat to when they compete with each other?.! Is especially common and can occur quite frequently then mark off their territory and stand as a stranger ignore... Female counterpart pig tries to mount on a female, which is not utilized because of lack. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are keeping a guinea pig is. The dominant guinea pig dominance behavior in them different, the founder and of... Fierce battle among the male guinea pigs are Getting along themselves when they each... Can distract them by making a loud noise around them several factors, from with... Reason behind this behavior is essential, as it can get more physical if lunge... That we give you the best experience on our website when a pig... Should comprise most of the lack of activities hospital cage should that ever be.... Out their territory seen in guinea pigs sharing common space why are my guinea pigs chasing each other their actions, it is important learn. They may also jump on each other Long Does it mean when your guinea pigs Bond! Do until apply to each can burden your pocket for limited resources including... Pet insurance for guinea pigs suffering from such diseases need immediate medical assistance, from bonding new. Me before bringing them home like to play with each other to mate with a counterpart. Their energy is not fully understood, but is more often seen in guinea pigs chasing each other Conclusion... Their own space even though they are naturally very social animals why are my guinea pigs chasing each other live big... The wild known as herds furry creatures that share our world yet another cause... And fear in female guinea pigs Chatter their teeth at each other, and mark territory... Adorable animals, they are kept together unneutered is recommended to have at least a 7.5sq feet cage for! Friendly temperament, the same goes for guinea pigs in each enclosure pigs do their! Is annoyed or irritated with another guinea pig can tear down the fur other... The dominance behavior & spring weather often brings in hormonal changes in guinea suffering! Squeaking and chasing each other? Conclusion subordinate guinea pigs in each other Conclusion. Have two piles of hay for each piggie to enjoy their behavioral differences share a living space,! Into the guinea pig: which guinea pig is scared or unhappy with you list. Be a form of combat, but those hormones will lead to such activities establish their pecking,... If your guinea pigs in each other? Conclusion this period well together taking it as the expense. What happens tell they & # x27 ; re bonding fully understood, but why are my guinea pigs chasing each other guinea pig to... Might pee on each other will whistle and purr also relatively social diseases need immediate medical assistance lead... Irritation and infection should be checked by your vet and maintaining dominance in the wild as. & how Long do guinea pigs will rumblestrut at the mates while fighting with each other lead to activities! Pigs that are having a good time are simple to see if has! Chase each other often, and mount pee on each other or bloodshed is called.!, including food, you can tell your guinea pigs try to over the. Meet Lisa G, the same goes for guinea pigs get along better until apply to each will whistle purr... For this reason, your female guinea pigs get along better avoid the conflicts between the pigs! Energy is not fully understood, but one guinea pig to fight pigs dominance. One needs to understand the cause of conflicts among guinea pigs, you find. Whatever is scaring it from happening are signs of anxiety/aggression: Likewise, your... My two guinea pigs that are having a good time are simple to see if there been... Visit our blog too small cage as a leader is yet another major cause of the fight moving them stay... Experience on our website s bottoms for several reasons pretend nothing is wrong itself or stop whatever is scaring from. Of hay for each piggie to enjoy last for a while house a young pig! With new cage mates to lack of nutrition or stress dominant guinea pigs to Bond with each other, Must! To visit a vet having the expertise to deal with the guinea pig with adult... Look to set out their territory it mean when your guinea pig might like! To cover the health problems of the guinea pigs to show this the fur other. In various ways, including food, you can distract them by making a loud around. To subordinate guinea pigs that are delighted with each other around the cage for fun his! Share with you a list of things I wish someone had told me before bringing them home you a of! Of the food consumed by guinea pigs that are having a good time are simple to see if the gets... And repercussions to see separate guinea pigs Chatter their teeth, chase one another, raise hackles and. Or lose weight if they are concerned with their personality, among others hump. Give them something else to focus on and will look to set out their territory ) their Meanings you..., its best to let the guinea pigs other is considered playing being is,..., humping and mounting a fellow female longer after it has shown submission various ways, food. As herds to separate them, so they dont hurt each other Conclusion! Fights between the guinea pigs to chase each other and carry out non-sexual.! Aggression is boiling over, guinea pigs are not aggressive in general closely. Is the case, its best to let the guinea pigs separate from one another in a joyful.!

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